Shear Strengthening of Headstocks or Pier Cap
The headstocks of the Hawthorne and Morrison Bridges in USA were strengthened by External Pre-stressing. A system of externally mounted post-tensioned bars has been used to increase the compressive strength of the concrete caps thus increasing the load carrying capacity of the head stocks / pier cap. A steel I-beam was used as an anchoring block on each end of the head stocks. Figure below shows the typical application of the external pre-stressing in head stocks / pier cap strengthening.

Morrison Bridge Headstock Strengthening, USA
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January 5th, 2011 at 2:25 pm
[...] b) Shear Strengthening of Headstocks or Pier Caps [...]